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Character Encoding Reference

UTF-8, UTF-16, ISO-8859, Windows code pages, legacy encodings (Shift-JIS, GB18030, KOI8-R), and encoding schemes like Base64 and URL encoding — with mojibake fixes for every one.

Short Name Full Name Category Byte Length
Base64 Base64 Encoding Flagship Encoding Schemes 4 output chars per 3 input bytes (~33% size increase)
Big5 Big5 (Traditional Chinese) Legacy & Platform-Specific 1 or 2 bytes, variable
EUC-JP EUC-JP (Extended Unix Code, Japanese) Legacy & Platform-Specific 1, 2, or 3 bytes, variable
EUC-KR EUC-KR (Extended Unix Code, Korean) Legacy & Platform-Specific 1 or 2 bytes, variable
GB2312 GB2312 (Simplified Chinese, 1980 standard) Legacy & Platform-Specific 1 or 2 bytes, variable
GB18030 GB18030 (Chinese National Standard Encoding) Flagship Legacy & Platform-Specific 1, 2, or 4 bytes, variable
GBK GBK (Chinese Internal Code Specification) Legacy & Platform-Specific 1 or 2 bytes, variable
ISCII ISCII (Indian Script Code for Information Interchange) Flagship Legacy & Platform-Specific 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-1 ISO-8859-1 (Latin-1) Flagship ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-2 ISO-8859-2 (Latin-2, Central European) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-3 ISO-8859-3 (Latin-3, South European) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-4 ISO-8859-4 (Latin-4, North European) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-5 ISO-8859-5 (Cyrillic) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-6 ISO-8859-6 (Arabic) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-7 ISO-8859-7 (Greek) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-8 ISO-8859-8 (Hebrew) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-9 ISO-8859-9 (Latin-5, Turkish) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-10 ISO-8859-10 (Latin-6, Nordic) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-11 ISO-8859-11 (Thai) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-13 ISO-8859-13 (Latin-7, Baltic Rim) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-14 ISO-8859-14 (Latin-8, Celtic) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-15 ISO-8859-15 (Latin-9) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
ISO-8859-16 ISO-8859-16 (Latin-10, South-Eastern European) ISO-8859 1 byte, fixed
KOI8-R KOI8-R (Russian Cyrillic) Legacy & Platform-Specific 1 byte, fixed
KOI8-U KOI8-U (Ukrainian Cyrillic) Legacy & Platform-Specific 1 byte, fixed
Krutidev Krutidev & Legacy Devanagari 'Font Encodings' Flagship Legacy & Platform-Specific 1 byte, fixed — but not a real character encoding
Mac OS Roman Mac OS Roman (Classic Macintosh Encoding) Legacy & Platform-Specific 1 byte, fixed
Punycode Punycode (IDN Domain Encoding) Encoding Schemes ASCII-only output, variable length
Quoted-Printable Quoted-Printable Encoding Encoding Schemes 1 byte per char, =XX escapes for non-ASCII/special bytes
Shift-JIS Shift-JIS (Shift Japanese Industrial Standard) Legacy & Platform-Specific 1 or 2 bytes, variable
TSCII TSCII (Tamil Script Code for Information Interchange) Legacy & Platform-Specific 1 byte, fixed
UCS-2 UCS-2 (2-byte Universal Character Set) Unicode 2 bytes, fixed
URL Encoding URL Encoding / Percent-Encoding Flagship Encoding Schemes 1 byte → 3 characters (%XX) for reserved/non-ASCII bytes
UTF-7 UTF-7 (7-bit Unicode Transformation Format) Unicode 1 byte per char, with escaped Base64 runs for non-ASCII
UTF-8 UTF-8 (8-bit Unicode Transformation Format) Flagship Unicode 1-4 bytes, variable
UTF-8 BOM UTF-8 Byte Order Mark Encoding Schemes 3 bytes (EF BB BF), optional
UTF-16 UTF-16 (16-bit Unicode Transformation Format) Unicode 2 or 4 bytes
UTF-32 UTF-32 (32-bit Unicode Transformation Format) Unicode 4 bytes, fixed
Windows-874 Windows-874 (CP-874, Thai) Windows Code Pages 1 byte, fixed
Windows-1250 Windows-1250 (CP-1250, Central European) Windows Code Pages 1 byte, fixed
Windows-1251 Windows-1251 (CP-1251, Cyrillic) Windows Code Pages 1 byte, fixed
Windows-1252 Windows-1252 (CP-1252, Western European) Flagship Windows Code Pages 1 byte, fixed
Windows-1253 Windows-1253 (CP-1253, Greek) Windows Code Pages 1 byte, fixed
Windows-1254 Windows-1254 (CP-1254, Turkish) Windows Code Pages 1 byte, fixed
Windows-1255 Windows-1255 (CP-1255, Hebrew) Windows Code Pages 1 byte, fixed
Windows-1256 Windows-1256 (CP-1256, Arabic) Windows Code Pages 1 byte, fixed
Windows-1257 Windows-1257 (CP-1257, Baltic) Windows Code Pages 1 byte, fixed
Windows-1258 Windows-1258 (CP-1258, Vietnamese) Windows Code Pages 1 byte, fixed (combining diacritics)
utf8mb4 UTF-8 vs. MySQL's utf8 and utf8mb4 Flagship Unicode utf8mb4: 1-4 bytes | legacy utf8: 1-3 bytes
No character encodings match your search.